公共管理学报

全面推进乡村振兴对社会力量参与提出了更高要求。外源型社会组织能够引入专业力量和外部资源，却常受制度衔接不畅、资源供需错位、需求表达受阻和村民参与动力不足等问题制约，外部投入难以转化为村庄可以持续运转的治理能力。本文基于农道基金会十年参与乡村治理的案例，采用参与式观察和访谈方法，结合空间生产理论，考察其如何联动处理多重参与障碍并使行动机制持续生效。研究发现：基金会依托“乡村相见”小院，通过理事会、伙伴计划和文化实践打通制度通道、关系通道与参与通道，将需求表达、协商决策、资源匹配、实施反馈和村民承接贯通起来，多元主体的实践循环把“相见小院”从单一服务设施转为复合治理场域，并通过空间承载、沉淀与反哺，使原本依附于特定项目和组织人员的治理机制转化为村庄能够承接和持续运行的机制。本文将这一过程概括为“空间化育”，即乡村公共空间通过持续运行塑造治理关系、行动秩序和本地行动主体，推动外部资源投入转化为村庄可持续调用的治理能力的过程，为解释外源型社会组织赋能乡村治理效能提供中观视角。

Advancing rural revitalization places greater demands on the participation of social actors. Externally established social organizations can bring professional expertise and external resources into villages， yet institutional misalignment， mismatches between resource supply and local needs， barriers to expressing needs， and insufficient motivation for villager participation often prevent these inputs from being transformed into governance capacity that villages can sustain. Drawing on the case of the Nongdao Foundation's decade-long involvement in rural governance， this study uses participant observation and interviews and combines perspectives on the production of space to examine how multiple participation barriers are addressed together and how governance mechanisms remain effective over time. The findings show that the foundation uses the Xiangcun Xiangjian courtyards as shared spaces in which governing councils， a partnership program， and cultural practices establish institutional， relational， and participatory channels. These channels connect the expression of needs， deliberative decision-making， resource matching， implementation feedback， and villagers' assumption of responsibility. Repeated cycles of practice among multiple actors transform the courtyards from single-purpose service facilities into multifunctional governance arenas. By hosting repeated action， retaining its outcomes， and using the resulting spatial attributes to support subsequent action， these spaces enable governance mechanisms initially dependent on particular projects and organizational personnel to become mechanisms that villages can take over and sustain. This study conceptualizes this process as "spatial cultivation": through their continued operation， rural public spaces shape governance relations， an order for collective action， and local actors， transforming external inputs into governance capacity that villages can draw on over time. The concept offers a meso-level perspective on how externally established social organizations enhance rural governance effectiveness.