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城市居民的垃圾分类与回收关乎城市的治理水平,也是破解当前我国"垃圾围城"困境的出路。然而,现有研究大多是以发达国家或地区为研究对象,且基本上是国外文献,国内相关研究匮乏。本文针对我国的经济社会发展现状,重新建构更加系统的分析框架和理论模型,探讨影响我国城市垃圾分类的宏观政策层面和微观个体层面的各类因素。基于HZ市JB街道7个社区的大样本分析,一方面验证了分析框架的有效性,为实证分析严重不足的国内研究提供了文献上的补充;另一方面,识别了非正式回收系统,并论证了其在城市垃圾分类中的积极作用,完善了既有的理论模型,增强了模型对于发展中国家的适用性。本研究不仅在理论上有所创新,而且相关结论与建议对面临垃圾分类与回收困境的地方政府亦有重要的参考价值。
Abstract：The municipal household solid waste recycling is related to urban governance, which also serves as an important solution to the problem of garbage siege. However, the current researches based mostly on foreign literatures focus on the phenomenon of developed countries and regions, which leads to the lack of research on China. In view of the current situation of China's economic and social development, this paper focuses on the reconstruction of a more comprehensive and systematic analytical framework and research model, which helps us find out the macro and micro drivers influencing the municipal household waste recycling in China. Based on the analysis of large sample data from seven communities, JB Sub-district, HZ Cite, this paper verifies the effectiveness of the theoretical framework of household recycling behavior, and supplement the domestic researches which are short of empirical studies. On the other hand, this paper identifies and demonstrates the value of informal recycling system, which makes the analytical framework be more completed and more suitable for the developing countries. At last, apart from the achievement of the theoretical innovation, the final conclusions and recommendations also provide important references for local governments who are facing dilemma in managing municipal solid waste recycling.
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(1)不过,Oyekale新近对南非日常垃圾处理量和分类回收率影响因素的研究支持教育程度与垃圾分类效果之间的正相关性,并建议尤其要提高女性居民受教育程度,因为她们大多数是家庭主妇,是垃圾分类的主要执行者[53]。Babaei等对伊朗阿阿巴丹地区2400份居民问卷的实证研究同样支持教育程度对居民垃圾分类行为的影响[42]。
(1)非正式回收系统指的是废品回收商等非正式私人部门受利益驱动而自发形成的“捡破烂”、“收废品”等废弃物回收行为所构成的市场交易体系。
(1)有需要问卷的读者可与编辑部或作者联系索取。
(2)“性别”变量的赋值为:1=“女性”;0=“男性”;“职业”变量按工作单位划分为“党政机关、事业单位、军队”、“企业”、“社会团体、居(村)委会”、“个体户”、“退休”、“其他”6类,分别对前5类单位设置虚拟变量(如是,赋值为1,否则赋值为0)。
(3)“收入”变量的赋值为:1=“5000元以下”;2=“5000~10000元”;3=“10000~15000元”;4=“15000~20000元”;5=“20000~25000元”;6=“25000元以上”;“受教育水平”变量的赋值为:1=“未上过学”;2=“小学”;3=“初中”;4=“高中(中专、职高、技校等)”;5=“大专(高职)”;6=“本科”;7=“研究生及以上”。
(1)为控制问卷可能存在的共同方法偏差,本文对预测变量的测量数据采取纸质问卷发放方式予以收集,对反应变量的测量数据则多采用调研员询问或网络问卷发放的方式予以收集。在得到最终数据后,采取Harman单因子检验的方法,对问卷中所有潜在变量的测量题项进行因子分析,结果共抽取6个特征根大于1的未旋转因子,且第1个因子解释了47.12%,6个因子共解释了73.17%的方差,这反映了方差并不是主要由共同方法偏差导致。
(2)七个社区的样本量分别为:103、173、129、61、53、135和88。
(1)参见Chin和Fornell&Larcker的相关描述,文献[72-73]。
基本信息:
DOI：10.16149/j.cnki.23-1523.2017.01.012
中图分类号:X705
引用信息:
[1]徐林,凌卯亮,卢昱杰.城市居民垃圾分类的影响因素研究[J].公共管理学报,2017,14(01):142-153+160.DOI:10.16149/j.cnki.23-1523.2017.01.012.